Similar decorations are also visible on the sash of one of the servants in De Grebbers version of Elishas Refusal for the Leprozenhuis in Haarlem, while the jewels on Naamans and Belshazzars turbans are nearly identical. Explain that Naaman was healed by Heavenly Father through the power of the priesthood and that priesthood holders cannot use the priesthood to gain recognition or wealth. Naaman hears that Elisha, the prophet of Israel, can heal him, so he makes the trip. The man standing in the door to the right is Elisha's servant Gehazi. Lambert Jacobsz and his many assistants produced history scenes with small figures throughout his career, but works with large figuressuch as this one in the Leiden Collectionwere made only for a short while and overlapped with Jacob Backers stay in Leeuwarden.3 Like Jacobsz, Jacob Backer (1608/951) was a Mennonite who grew up among fellow believers on Amsterdams Nieuwendijk. In general, he painted directly onto the canvas, working both wet into wet and over dried paint layers. 34). Elisha is one of the most powerful prophets in the Old Testament. For terms and use, please refer to our Terms and Conditions Elisha's servant, Gehazi, was not happy. The balding and aged prophet, in contrast, is dressed soberly in a brown habit. L.J (Yet another landscape with a large ruin and a river within the foreground Naaman speaking to Gehazi, the prophet Elishas servant, who came after him, and for whom a carriage waits in the distance). Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. oil on canvas (151 249 cm) 1661 See Piet Bakker, De Friese schilderkunst in de Gouden Eeuw (Zwolle, 2008), 140, fig. Compare translations, take notes and highlight, consult devotionals and commentaries, look up Greek and Hebrew words, and much moreall with the help of intuitive, interactive tools. Sources: April 1984 and April 1985 general conference reports and the Church Educational System's Old Testament Student Manual. When Naaman hears what the servant tells him, he gets quite angry, and decides to go back home unhealed. I want to do some great thing for God. And he said, Did not my spirit go with thee, [when you received] when you went out to their chariot and stopped them and you received the money, and you received the garments, and the oliveyards, and the vineyards, and the sheep, and the oxen, and menservants, and maidservants? He had also trained with Jan Pynas. Most likely, Naaman would have expected Elisha would come out of his house to perform some ritual, or that he would have led him to some special magic place to heal him. An overall warm gray ground has been applied to the painting. He was a powerful general, highly respected, and wealthy. When Elisha became aware of Gehazis duplicity, he punished his servant by infecting him with the disease from which Naaman had just been cured. rev2023.3.1.43269. Ltfen Kullanm artlarmz ve Gizlilik Politikamz dikkatlice inceleyiniz. Naamans wife was married to a mighty warrior that suffered from leprosy. Naaman's wife had a servant girl from Israel who said that a prophet there would be able to heal him. New versions are added only when a substantive change to the narrative occurs. R. xiv. Naaman (Hebrew: Namn, "pleasantness") the Aramean was a commander of the armies of Ben-Hadad II, the king of Aram-Damascus, in the time of Joram, king of Israel. This biblical passage is full of stark contrasts. He was accustomed to being in charge and to giving the orders. In the healing of Naaman we find some interesting things, and one of them is that typically, we, all of us, really have difficulty with just accepting the grace of God. 5; comp. 2, Dutch Paintings c. 1600c. 15:15-16 ). Planned Maintenance scheduled March 2nd, 2023 at 01:00 AM UTC (March 1st, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. The first small-figure picture is known only from a description in Lamberts inventory, where it can be gleaned that a landscape formed the backdrop for Gehazis attempt to inveigle Naaman into giving him the gifts. I'll take it from here." A life of luxury based on the security of wealth, rather than a life of obedience. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? This item is part of a JSTOR Collection. Nevertheless, the now-lost painting represents an episode that immediately precedes the one Jacobsz depicted in the Leiden Collection painting. 6, Nachtrge, Ortsregister, Ikonographisches Register, Bibliographie, Knstlerverzeichnis (Landau, 1983), no. How does a fan in a turbofan engine suck air in? Tanuma, Tazria' (end), however, says that Naaman was stricken with leprosy for taking an Israelitish maiden and making her his wife's servant (comp. (2 Ne. Nephi taught, " . His painting does not focus on Naamans recovery from leprosy or on Elishas refusal to be rewarded, but rather on Naamans conversion to the true faith.13. Where Are Giants in the Bible Other Than Goliath? But he was a leper. The leprosy that was upon Naaman is going to be upon you and your family. Naaman sends a letter to the king saying that he expected the king to heal him! Elisha's refusal of Naaman's gift in our passage, and that this expla-nation should be sought in the prophet's judicial deliberations over his servant, Gehazi, incurred after the latter had acquired Naaman's gift (vv. For example, Naamans turban and sashas well as the sash of his youngest servantfeature the same decorations as Belshazzars sash. God is the one who gives, not Elisha. Articles on this page may be used in conjunction with the Gospel Doctrine course of study. Amsterdam, Royal Palace) (Lochem, 1975), 4146. 5 Insights for Interpreting the Deaths of Ananias and Sapphira. 1631 (Private collection, United States); Peter van den Brink, Jacob Backer (1608/91651) (Exh. Learn more at. And he headed home in a rage. Pieter de Grebber, Belshazzars Great Feast, 1625 (Museum Schloss Wilhelmshhe, Kassel). Discover God's love and plan for you, Naaman was returning to a place where false gods were worshiped everywhere. When the painting first appeared on the market in 2005, it was given to Pieter de Grebber.8 As Albert Blankert rightly recognized, however, this attribution is not tenable for stylistic reasons, despite the fact that Jacobsz knew De Grebbers work.9 Blankert also pointed out that the way in which the old Elisha and young Naaman face each other is comparable to the confrontation between Elisha and Gehazi in the Hannover painting.10 Other arguments reinforce the attribution of the Leiden Collection painting to Lambert Jacobsz. 1 Kings 17:1 And Elijah the Tishbite, who was of the inhabitants of Gilead, said unto Ahab, As the LORD God of Israel liveth, before whom I stand, there shall not be dew nor rain these years, but according to my word. After Naaman was cured of leprosy, he offered Elisha gifts for his use of priesthood powers. The expression "So he departed from him a little way" (; II Kings v. 19) seems to contradict the assertion of Naaman's intention to return to Syria with the two loads of earth. She has done all the leadership work but finds no one is doing her bidding with the follow-up details. Naaman then takes his bath in the Jordan river (as a mikveh) and is healed. The two works of this subject by Abraham van Dijck (1635/680) and Ferdinand Bol (161680) date from much later. So Elisha catalogs the types of gifts that he refused in order to emphasize his role as a mere channel of the divinity as opposed to miracle-worker. Naaman is represented as vain and haughty, on account of which he was stricken with leprosy (Num. And he said, "Send him down to me, and he will know that there is a God in Israel." Elishas hands are exceptionally beautifully shaped and contrast strongly with the usually somewhat clumsy hands painted on other original work by Lambert Jacobsz. Where our treasure is, there will heart be also. "Elisha understood this truth perfectly, but Gehazi saw a chance for personal gain slipping away and let his greed overpower his good judgment.". And he started thinking of what he could do with some of that reward that Naaman was offering.And so he went chasing after Naaman. Interestingly, the Septuagint (the classic translation of the Old Testament into Greek) uses the word baptizein (to baptize) for Naamans immersions in the Jordan River. In v5, we read that Naaman only took with him money (gold and silver) and clothes, so I don't see how Elisha could have refused the other gifts if Naaman didn't even bring them (and how could he bring an olive orchard with him? The Bible doesn't say whether God told him not to receive the gift from Naaman, but we see that Elisha was quick to refuse the offer, desiring only to honor God. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. He came to the door to tell Naaman that he should take a dip in the Jordan River seven times. The third one is, then, that of the gifts: Naaman insists on giving Elisha some gift (the text doesnt specify what, but one can assume that it might have to do with Naamans six thousand shekels of gold), but Elisha refuses him, saying As surely as the Lord lives, whom I serve, I will not accept a thing.. A1A16. Last edited on 21 November 2022, at 00:19, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naaman&oldid=1122973767, This page was last edited on 21 November 2022, at 00:19. But his slaves suggest to him that he really has nothing to lose by giving it a try: Elishas instructions are actually quite easy to follow. [2][3] This is the second contrast we find in this story: that of the pomp of Naaman and Elishas humbleness. Now the servant Gehazi, when he saw Elisha turning down these gifts, he began to think, "Wow, what I could do with just a little bit of that loot. Rawlinson, "Ancient Monarchies," ii. Josua Bruyn once remarked that the large-figure paintings produced in this workshopthe Backer-like Jacobsz and the Jacobsz-like Backer paintingswere difficult to distinguish.5 One example of how closely related the works of these painters were during this period is The Tribute Money in Stockholm. iii. Naaman wanted dirt from Israel because Israel was Yahwehs territory. But this only can happen if we are willing to humble ourselves and recognize that Jesus is Lord and that we are His servants. By doing so, Naaman received his healing. Gehazi's heart should have been uplifted with praise for . Around 1627, after finishing his training, Backer moved to Leeuwarden to assist his former neighbor with the production of paintings, especially large-figure history pieces.4 The collaboration between Jacobsz and Backer, his main assistant, must have been harmonious. He was a man without many options and so God became his only hope. Elisha Refusing Naamans Gifts was not always attributed to Lambert Jacobsz. Jasper Hillegers, Lambert Jacobsz (15981636) en zijn werkplaats. "I know that," he said. The suggestion that vv. cat. Gehazi, as is recounted in a subsequent episode in the biblical story, follows Naaman after the Syrian commander leaves Elisha and accepts the gifts intended for his master, falsely telling Naaman that Elisha had sent him to do so (2 Kings 5:1727). Much has been written, in the fields of anthropology, ethnography, ethics, and religious studies about gift-giving, sacrificing, and offering since the last century. ), "It is, after all, by divine power that men are able to perform priesthood miracles," states the manual. UFOs and Christianity: What Hath Roswell to Do with Jerusalem? The biblical text (Cf. 1, J.A. As a result, Israel was holy ground; the territory of every other nation was not. One day, his wife's Israelite servant girl told her about the power of God moving through the prophet Elisha. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. (2 Ne. And if you read the verses earlier the categories that Elisha mentioned to Gehazi are listed out as belonging to the promised land. Naaman was a Syrian warlord, who suffered from a nasty skin condition, probably leprosy. The regents of the Leprozenhuizen in Haarlem and Amsterdam seem to have used Naamans story to show their integrity, as city councils often fall back on stories from classical history. The request is so odd that its hard to avoid wondering if Naaman needed some other kind of therapy. 9:18.) Nephi called such employment "priestcraft," in which " . Did not my heart go when the man turned from his chariot to meet you? In the same way, each one of us needs to be careful to check our heart and our motives in pursuing wealth, especially when it has to do with the kingdom of God or ministry to others. Noch een ander landschap met een groote ruine ende een rivire daer op de voorgront staet Naomi [Naaman] sprekende met Gehasij des propheten Elisei knecht die hem naegelopen compt ende carosse int verschiet hem verwachtende. Some paint layers were thinly applied, as in sections of the brown background and the plum-colored textile held by Naamans attendant. This was Gods land. He did not want sin to come between him and the Lord or to hinder the Lord's work through his life because of his greed. But he listened to the advice of his captains, humbled himself, and obeyed the word of the Lord -- and thus received his healing. Abraham van Dijck, Elisha Refusing Naamans Gifts (present whereabouts unknown); Werner Sumowski, Gemlde der Rembrandt-Schler,vol. The display of power, so transparently without sacrifice or incantation, awakens Naaman to the fact that Yahweh of Israel is the true God. When he discovered that he was stricken with leprosy he searched for a cure -- and of course at that time there was no cure. Jacobsz acted as an art dealer in Leeuwarden, which allowed him to have close ties with artists and dealers in other cities. Episodes Available for Superbook DVD Club Members Only. He was a mighty man and very brave, but he was a leper. Israel was therefore Yahwehs portion (Deut 32:9), whereas all the other nations belong to the sons of God whom Israel was forbidden to worship. And he urged him to take it; but he refused. Albert Blankert in a letter to Jack Kilgore, 5 October 2006, at The Leiden Collection, New York. When the prophet Elisha hears about this, he sends for general Naaman. All rights reserved. Help us purchase electrical generators for churches. So please accept a gift from your servant." 16 But Elisha replied, "As surely as the LORD lives, before whom I stand, I will not accept it." And although Naaman urged him to accept it . Elisha refuses. ), Paul suggested that if one charged for his service in the priesthood, he would abuse his power in the gospel. See Albert Blankert, Kunst als regeringszaak in Amsterdam in de 17e eeuw (Exh. But here is Elisha refusing the gift. The first one is that between the faith and humility of Naamans young servant (who barely knows of Elisha and still is willing to tell her master to go meet the prophet) and that of Naaman himself, who traveled all the way to Elishas house and was yet willing to leave uncured simply because the prophet did not receive him in person. Why does Jesus turn to the Father to forgive in Luke 23:34? 1996 Brill How could he engage in traditional Israelite ritual? And he urged him to take it; but he refused. And Naaman urged him to take it; but he refused ( 2 Kings 5:16 ). I speculate that God seeing a true turning of Naaman to Himself did not want Naaman to say that he contributed toward his conversion, especially not with material and perishable things. And that is why, like Naaman, we must come humbly before the Lord to obtain favor and mercy in our time of need. (Matt. A servant of Elisha, Gehazi, seeing Naaman being turned away from offering God offerings, ran after him and falsely asked for clothing and silver for visitors. The idea of holy ground is an important element of Israelite theology. On Backer in his Leeuwarden period, see Jasper Hillegers, Lambert Jacobsz (15981636) en zijn werkplaats. And so Naaman came to Elisha's house and Elisha didn't even go out to meet him but sent his servant Gehazi out with the orders, "Go down to the Jordan River and just dip in the Jordan River seven times, and after you've dipped seven times, you'll be cleansed of your leprosy." For example, Halbertals book On Sacrifice presents us with the possibility of having ones offering being rejected. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. At times, these slivers of warm gray act as a transitional midtone, as in the lower contour of Elishas sleeve where it overlaps with the white page of his book. He has a dozen years of classroom teaching experience on the college level and another ten in distance education. Why Did Elisha Refuse Gifts from Naaman? To report dead links, typos, or html errors or suggestions about making these resources more useful use the convenient. The man was also a valiant warrior, but he was a leper. And the Syrians had gone out by companies, and brought away captives out of the land of Israel and a little maid happened to be the servant of his wife. When he returned home, Elisha found out and punished Gehazi with leprosy for his greed. And unfortunately, some people who have had a ministry of healing or whatever have been guilty of using that to enrich themselves. Gehazi's acceptance was unacceptable in the frame of Elisha's refusal. But the Lord revealed to Elisha what Gehazi did and prophet rebuked him saying, the leprosy of Naaman shall cling to you and to your descendants forever" (verse 27). Superbook is a registered trademark of The Christian Broadcasting Network, Inc. A nonprofit 501 (c)(3) Charitable Organization All Rights Reserved. I can only receive by grace the goodness of God. Now Naaman, captain of the army of the king of Aram, was a great man with his master, and highly respected, because by him the LORD had given victory to Aram. Yet Naaman was a leper. We've got better rivers up in Damascus." The word is transliterated in the Septuagint (Vatican) and (Lucian) , while the Alexandrian codex has ' , apparently reading . Want to see fewer ads on Aleteia? Naaman tells his lord this and he is sent to Israel with a letter to the king. The man was also a valiant warrior, but he was a leper. He was sent to the door by Elisha with a message for Naaman to wash in the Jordan River seven times to be healed of his leprosy. 3, B. Keil J. A Bible Story for Adults. The rabbinical tradition that Naaman was the archer (I Kings xxii. The king of Israel suspects in this to him impossible request a pretext of Syria for later starting a war against him, and tears his clothes. Bakker, Piet. The rest of the Old Testament is the story of Gods intention to reclaim every nation on earth. To demonstrate his gratitude, Naaman, wearing a richly decorated turban and pale turquoise kaftan, came before the prophet to offer Elisha precious gifts, including the purple cloak on which he rests his left hand. lxi.). There were also many lepers in Israel in the time of the prophet Elisha, and none of them was cleansed except Naaman the Syrian.. Because of Jacobszs paintings devotional content, it is tempting to assume that it was intended for the Mennonite Church (Vermaning) he cofounded, and where he delivered the first sermon on 7 August 1631; see the biography of Lambert Jacobsz in this catalogue. Only a few Dutch paintings depicting this biblical narrative have survived, most of them by artists working in Amsterdam and Haarlem in the first half of the 1600s. First and foremost, Naaman's healing is not Elisha's gift: it is a gift freely bestowed by the grace of God, and Elisha is well aware of that. , Kunst als regeringszaak why did elisha refuse naaman gift amsterdam in de 17e eeuw ( Exh the most powerful prophets in the of... Allowed him to have close ties with artists and dealers in other cities has ', apparently.. Making statements based on the security of wealth, rather than a of... False gods were worshiped everywhere or html errors or suggestions about making these resources useful... 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